Active transport the transport of molecules or ions across a cell membrane against a concentration gradient , with the expenditure of energy , usually in the form of atp 主动运输:伴随着能量的消耗, atp的产生,逆着浓度梯度的分子或者离子的跨膜运输。
Facilitated diffusion a passive transport of molecules across a cell membrane along a concentration gradient , mediated by carrier molecules or complexes , usually proteins 易化扩散(促进扩散) :分子沿浓度梯度由载体分子或复合物(通常是蛋白质)作为媒介的一种被动跨膜运输。
Aquaporin ( water pore ) a protein channel in the plasma membrane that facilitates water movement across the membrane . aquaporins can open or close to increase or decrease water flow 水通道(水孔) :位于质膜上的一种蛋白通道,控制水的跨膜运输。它的开或关可以增加或减少水的流量。
Nonspecific lipid transfer proteins ( nsltps ) are small , soluble , basic proteins that can bind and catalyze transfer of lipids in vitro , however , we do not know their functions in vivo 非特异性脂转运蛋白是一类分子量较小的可溶性碱性蛋白质,许多研究表明在体外它能结合并跨膜运输磷脂、糖脂和脂肪酸等物质。
Resent studies demonstrate that , such as gabaar1 subunit of gaba receptor , ka2 and glur6 subunit of ka receptor , there are some functional regions in that of c terminus which can regulate these subunits targeting to the cell membrane surface . while little was known whether nmda receptor ' s nr2b subunit has the similar domains 最近有一些研究报道,许多突触受体如gaba ( b )受体rl亚单位、 ka受体的kaz和glur6亚单位以及孤儿受体腿亚单位的胞内区,存在有影响受体运输到细胞膜的功能区,但是尚未有对于nmda受体的nrz亚单位膜运输的报道。